本技术涉及一种新型荧光探针及其制备方法和应用,该探针由荧光团和铜离子识别基团组成,识别基团可为依诺沙星、环丙沙星等喹诺酮类抗菌药。
背景技术
铜离子是生命体内必需的微量元素,在生理过程中发挥重要作用。研究发现,铜元素对人体健康具有双重作用,正常含量的铜可以维持造血功能正常运转,以及维护中枢神经系统等;而当体内的铜过量时,则可能会出现腹胀、肝脾肿大、腹水、死亡等不良情况。因此,铜离子含量是影响机体的一个重要参数,当铜离子代谢失衡时会导致严重的疾病,如癌症、阿尔茨海默症、门克斯综合征和威尔逊氏症等。铜离子的检测方法包括原子吸收法、原子荧光法、化学滴定法、电感耦合等离子体法、电化学分析法和色谱分析法等。目前大多数配位型探针在识别过程中容易受到其他过渡金属离子的干扰,选择性不高的问题(HaoFang,Peng-Cheng Huang,Fang-Ying Wu,et al.A highly sensitive fluorescent probewith different responses to Cu2+
and Zn2+
.Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecularand Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2019,214:233-238;Bhavana G.Gowda,MuzaffarIqbal,ShivaPrasad Kollur,et al.A“Turn-Off”Pyrene-Based Ligand as aFluorescent Sensor for the Detection of Cu2+
and Fe2+
Ions:Synthesis andApplication in Real Water Samples,Logic Gate Construction,and Bio-Imaging.Chemosensors,2024,12(6),91;SellamuthuAnbu,Anup Paul,KalpanaSurendranath,et al.Naphthalimide-phenanthroimidazole incorporated newfluorescent sensor for“turn-on”Cu2+
detection in living cancer cells.JournalofInorganic Biochemistry,2021,220:111466;Sellamuthu Anbu,Anup Paul,KalpanaSurendranath,et al.Naphthalimide-phenanthroimidazole incorporated newfluorescent sensor for“turn-on”Cu2+
detection in living cancer cells.JournalofInorganic Biochemistry,2021,220:111466.);以及二价铜离子的顺磁性荧光淬灭,导致检测灵敏度降低的问题(Xiaoling Niu,Hong Zhang,Xiaojing Wu,et al.An AIE-active“turn-off”fluorescent sensor for highly selective and sensitivedetection ofCu2+
ions.Journal ofMolecular Structure,2022,1264:133294;ShenglingLi,Duanlin Cao,Xianjiao Meng,et al.A novel fluorescent chemosensor based oncoumarin and quinolinyl-benzothiazole for sequential recognition ofCu2+
and PPiand its applicability in live cell imaging.Spectrochimica Acta PartA:Molecular andBiomolecular Spectroscopy,2020,230:118022.),传统方法受到样品预处理繁琐、分析费时、无法在体实时检测和高成本仪器的限制,难以在生命体检测中广泛应用,因此需要一种能够实时在体无损检测细胞或生命体内铜离子的研究手段。而荧光探针法是近年来备受关注的检测方法,它具有操作简便、检测迅速、选择性好、灵敏度高、能够在体无损检测等优势,因此适用于检测生命体内铜离子。
目前已经报道了多例铜离子荧光探针,包括配位型探针和反应型探针。配位型探针的作用机制主要是通过铜离子与探针中的N、O、S等具有强配位作用的原子发生配位作用,改变探针内PET、ICT等效应,从而导致荧光信号强度的变化,或者产生发射峰的位移。配位作用一般是可逆的快速过程,因此这类探针有望实现对生命体内Cu2+
的快速原位跟踪。(AhmedN,Zareen W,Zhang D,et al.Coumarin-based reversible fluorescent probefor selective detection of Cu2+
in living cells.Journal of Fluorescence,2020,30:1171-1179;Wu Y,Li C,Li Y,et al.Development of a simple pyrene-basedratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for copper ion in living cells.Sensors&Actuators:B.Chemical,2016,222(C):1226-1232;Kanokorn W,Utt E,Jintana M,et al.Ahighly sensitive and selective rhodamine-semicarbazide based fluorescentsensor for Cu2+
detection in real water samples and fluorescence bioimaging inHepG2 cells.Talanta,2024,270:125530.)。
实现思路